Arthosis: osteoarthritis is well known and generalized among joint diseases.What is and how to treat it?What are the symptoms of the disease and what are its main causes?
What is osteoarthritis
Arthosis is a disease that has a destructive effect on the joints, due to which cartilage degradation occurs within them.
The long period of the disease course leads to a change in bone terminations, and inflammatory processes destroy nearby tissues.
The list of joint diseases related to pathology is not small, and is a group of ailments that have a similar destructive effect, but that have several causes of the processes of appearance and process.
According to statistics obtained from various types of osteoarthritis, up to 80% of the population suffer, which makes it the most common joint disease.The disease is so common that it is placed third after oncology and cardiovascular diseases.
Due to the non -complement with a healthy lifestyle, over time, the risk of the disease increases significantly.
Arthosis is not such a spicy ailment and can hit both men and women.People who have reached the age of 30 are subject to the disease, and over time their number increases freely.
The causes of osteoarthritis
The reason for the appearance of such osteoarthritis and treatment is a violation of metabolic processes in the joint.This leads to the loss of cartilage and elasticity.
The reason for this is a significant decrease or a complete disappearance of complex proteins due to large cracks in the cartilage.
Other causes can also contribute to this, for example, a violation of the normal production of complex proteins by the cells themselves.
Additional reasons that have a destructive effect on the joints:
- violation of metabolic processes throughout the body;
- hormonal background deterioration;
- deceleration of blood circulation in the joints;
- hereditary reasons;
- elderly;
- various injuries;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Soriasis
But the main reason is the breach of normal loads in the joints in everyday life.
In view of their lack of preparation, the reluctance of a person to perform physical exercises in a timely manner, the warm to strengthen the joints: the cartilage cannot fully fulfill their functions.
An extensive list of reasons that can cause osteoarthritis:
- lesions previously received, such as dislocations, fractures, bruises, ligament explosions and others;
- violation of metabolic processes that support vitality;
- Excessive body weight, which leads to the final loads in the joints;
- acute purulent arthritis that leads to the inflammation of the joint;
- old age;
- incorrect nutrition;
- Excessive long -term decrease in body temperature;
- autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis;
- body poisoning;
- often arising colds;
- Special diseases: syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, tick -transmitted encephalitis;
- thyroid diseases;
- hemophilia;
- Peters disease.
Additional causes associated with genetics that cause the appearance of osteoarthritis:
- The lesion of the osteoarthritis of the hands and fingers can be obtained by hereditary means, which scientists demonstrate;
- In the case of dysplasia, which was developed as a result of a violation of joint formation in the intrauterine period, excessive wear of the joints and the development of osteoarthritis can occur;
- The collagen mutations of the second type can lead to a violation of the internal structure of the fibrillar protein of the connective tissue and the degradation of the cartilage.
If you are a Mason, miner, fisherman, charger or your activity is connected to some extent with excessive physical activity, then without performing preventive actions, there is the possibility of obtaining osteoarthritis.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
For a complete understanding of what osteoarthritis is and how it is, we will deal with external manifestations.
The most common symptoms with osteoarthritis are:
- the manifestation of pain during the loads in the joint that can decrease at rest;
- deterioration of motor functions;
- the appearance of Crunch;
- The sensation of muscle on the tension around the sore joint.
The main thing is to prevent long tumors, since they can lead to imminent joint deformation.
Four symptoms of osteoarthritis:
- Manifestations of pain.They are considered the first message for the osteoarthritis of the joints.Although pain culprits can be a variety of reasons, but in the case of osteoarthritis, pains have certain characteristics.The main thing is the presence of acute pains that appear while moving in the place of the damaged joint.The pains disappear after the information to a minimum of functional activity.At night, pain does not manifest in any way, only with the blows from side to side, a small discomfort is possible.In a state of immobility, pain can only manifest itself in advanced forms.At this time, the process of reconciling sleep can be difficult.The symptoms resume when early morning.With the development of the disease, a person needs more and more time to relax and recover.Even later, even at rest, pain does not stop, turning life into a constant torment.There is almost complete wear of the cartilage, as a result from which the bone is exposed, osteophytes are erased.
- The appearance of Crunch.A symptom that should not be careless.A crunch appears due to the friction of the bones with each other, because the softness between them decreases, as a result, a different "dry" sound appears.Although, it can happen with other ailments, and sometimes even when the joints are healthy.In severe forms of the disease, sound can become brighter than expressed, and pain intensifies.
- Deterioration of joint mobility.This is an additional symptom that does not accompany osteoarthritis in the initial stages, but in a careless state it stimulates the excessive growth of intermediary formations, which leads to spasms, and the gap between the joints is almost completely covered.And this is the main reason for the loss of mobility.
- Joint deformation.This symptom implies the degrading changes on surface surfaces due to the growth of osteophytes and synovial fluid flow.It is one of the latest symptoms of osteoarthritis.
Due to the alternation of periods of remission and exacerbation, the independent diagnosis of osteoarthritis is significantly difficult.Therefore, trusting only personal sensations is not enough: the help of a specialized doctor is required.
Diagnosis - osteoarthritis
To detect possible signs that indicate the presence of the disease and the degree of its complexity, the study is used using radiography:
- In the first stage, the osteophytes are not yet present, and the gap between the joints is minimally reduced.
- The second stage is characterized by a decrease in the joint gap, with a slight appearance of osteophytes.
- In the third stage, a decrease in the joint gap is clearly notable, osteophytes form a large amount, deformation processes begin to occur.
- In the last fourth stage, the gap between the joints disappears almost completely, osteophytes seem as possible, deformation processes occur in full swing.
The negative consequences of osteoarthritis
Ignoring the timely treatment of osteoarthritis implies not only the complete irreversible damage in the joint, but also causes damage to the spine.
In intervertebral discs, hernias can form.Arthrosis is able to extend to other still healthy joints.
Treatment methodology
As with any other dangerous disease, the treatment is better not to be launched by performing it at an early stage.
Treatment methods must be integral and destined to eliminate links that contribute to the development of the disease, as well as strengthening factors that help recover.
What is this in the treatment of osteoarthritis?The approach integrated into therapy is the use of anti -inflammatory and analgesic effects medications.
At the same time, physiotherapeutic courses are necessarily driving.In case of treatment with the health resort method, climatic conditions must be selected so that the effect on the joints is as favorable as possible.
The program must have procedures in mineral waters and mud baths.
The essence of osteoarthritis treatment is as follows.
- The sick joints must undergo charges as little as possible, it is especially important to take this into account in the treatment process;
- The orthopedic regime cannot be ignored;
- Mandatory health exercises;
- Performing physiotherapeutic procedures, such as: electrical procedures, shock wave procedures, laser therapy;
- Healing of Sanatorium: prescribed by a doctor and it is recommended to pass in special resorts once a year;
- Performing special therapy: the introduction of oxygen in the joint;
- Pharmacological treatment;
- Intraóseo block;
- The transition to an adequate healthy diet.
Types of drug treatment
- Funds that eliminate inflammatory processes.When performing comprehensive treatment, there is the opportunity to significantly slow down the course of the disease, therefore, in the future.The medicinal treatment method implies extinguishing pain and eliminating inflammatory processes in the joints.For these purposes, non -steroidal preparations are selected.They are often administered intravenously or intramuscularly, since its oral use can cause irritation of gastric walls.As an additional tool, several ointments are used, but in view of their weak body perception, they have a small efficiency, so they are used very rarely.
- Hormonal corticosteroids.These medications are prescribed when the disease acquires a high character.They are inserted into the Board.In the damaged joint, a ointment, a patch or tincture with burning pepper from the outside is applied.
- Symptomatic preparations of slow action.They will help with the regeneration of the cartilage and also improve the properties of the synovial fluid.
The time of use of these medications can be long and does not stop until the patient becomes remarkably better.
In case of non -provision with drugs of the expected positive effect, its use is canceled.
Parallel to special medications, it should be taken with hyaluronic acid, which helps the creation of cell membranes in the joint cartilage.
In very rare cases, when no other medicine gives a positive effect, narcotic analgesics can be prescribed.
Healthy nutrition for patients with osteoarthritis
Nutrition is perhaps the most important issue, which must be resolved as soon as possible with a deterioration in osteoarthritis.No matter what medications the patient is, with inappropriate nutrition, all these efforts can be in vain.
First, you need to eat moderately.For those who are overweight, they must lose weight urgently, but not force themselves to starve, since the body needs to constantly receive all the elements trace in sufficient amounts.
It is necessary to limit yourself to the use of rapid carbohydrates contained in sweet foods, as well as flour products.It must reject alcohol, in particular, beer.
Fish dishes are welcome.It is worth choosing low fat varieties and fish should not be cooked fried.
It is recommended to use a union for osteoarthritis.Since a large number of trace elements are stored in its composition, it will be useful for sick joints.
The collagen contained in it is of natural origin, which means that the body absorbs it easily and will serve as a basis for connective tissue.With the prolonged use of the union, the joints will become more mobile and nearby, elastic and durable fabrics.
An important factor in treatment is the timely use of a sufficient amount of vitamins, especially group B. guarantee the normalization of metabolic processes in the body.Tiamin, contained in beans and peas, will improve the process of exchange of fats, proteins and carbohydrates.
For blood hemoglobin occurs, pyridoxin is necessary.This substance is rich in potatoes, bananas, cabbage and nuts.Riboflavina is saturated with eggs, liver, dairy products and fungi.
Legumes and herbs provide the folic acid body.
The vitamins and the trace elements obtained from the foods that the body absorb better, which is an important factor in the process of restoration of the cartilage tissue.
It must adhere to certain nutritional rules in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
- You must take food often in small portions;
- You cannot eat before bedtime, you must reject foods that are heavy for the stomach;
- To facilitate the load in the painful joints, it is necessary to control the weight and prevent obesity;
- Walk after eating during remission: useful prevention of the exacerbation of joint diseases;
- The selection or adjustment of the diet together with the doctor will provide an adequate balanced diet.
Therefore, osteoarthritis can be defeated.It is important to adhere to treatment methods and listen to the advice of the attending physician.